Economic evaluation of biorational and conventional. Leaf glossiness was significantly and negatively associated with low deadheart formation. In the augmented experimentation lay out, the maximum natural infestation of chilo partellus and its parasitoid was as 41. Chilo partellus, the spotted stalk borer, is a moth in the family crambidae. Identification of pheromonebinding proteins of the maize. Larval dispersal of the invasive fall armyworm, spodoptera. The maize crop yield in india lags behind leading corn. Crambidae, an important pest of cereals in africa, was investigated, and whether eggs deposited on specific host plants yield larvae of particular host preferences. The lepidopteran chilo partellus crambid, an introduced pest in east and southern africa from asia, is the most economically important stem borer species infesting cereals in africa. Chilo partellus is a major crop pest in asia and africa, and has recently spread to the mediterranean region. A number of sorghum genotypes showing varying levels of resistance to spotted stem borer, chilo partellus swinhoe have been identified using natural and artificial infestations. Combining ability of maize inbred lines resistant to chilo partellus swinhoe in the midaltitude. Yield losses due to stem borers are attributed to their progressive feeding at larvae stage, which had a tunnelling effect in a stem.
Determination of genetic diversity in chilo partellus. Cereal crops are infested from early whorl stage and losses induced by larvae of ch. At present the pest is managed through whorl application of insecticide granules or foliar spraying of liquid formulations of insecticides. Economic impact of maize stem borer chilo partellus attack. Hostplant resistance plays an important role in the insectpest management either alone or in combination with other control methods. Effect of laboratory rearing period to the quality of chilo partellus as. Attacks sorghum, maize, millet, rice, sugarcane, jobs tears and many grasses. Chilo partellus was first described by swinhoe 1885 as crambus partellus. We examined genetics of diapause in chilo partellus by crossing the hibernating hd, aestivating ad, posthibernating phd, postaestivating pad, and nondiapause nd strains. Chilo partellus is a major crop pest in asia and africa, and has recently. Crambidae is a devastative pest, majorly hampering the production of several cereal crops, viz. Babasaheb ambedkar marathawada university aurangabad, maharashtra 431004, india. Currently the management strategies rely heavily on chemical insecticides, which do not provide effective control.
Observations of oviposition behaviour by chilo partellus revealed that antennae, ovipositor tip and possibly tarsi were all involved in the choice of oviposition site. Occurrence of chilo partellus on maize in major maize growing areas of punjab, pakistan article pdf available in pakistan journal of zoology 501. The spotted stemborer chilo partellus is an oligophagy and feeds on species of grasses and sedges which include several. Noctuidae, and the exotic stemborer chilo partellus swinhoe lepidoptera. Mating, longevity, fecundity, and egg fertility of chilo. Genetic regulation of diapause and associated traits in chilo partellus swinhoe. Pdf biological studies of chilo partellus lepidoptera.
May 21, 2019 biocontrol potential of beauveria bassiana balsamo vuillemin and bacillus thuringiensis berliner was investigated under laboratory conditions against maize stem borer chilo partellus swinhoe lepidoptera. Knowledge of its potential distribution can inform biosecurity policies aimed at limiting its further spread and efforts to reduce its impact in areas that are already invaded. Maize variety katumani was planted in a greenhouse and plants were infested with 20 chilo partellus second instar larvae 3 and 4 weeks after plant emergence. Crambidae is the dominant and most damaging pest of maize and sorghum. The international scientific research organization for science, engineering and technology isroset is a nonprofit organization. Crop losses also result from death of the growing point, early leaf. The uses of biopesticides are encouraging over chemical pesticides. Egg weight, batch size and fecundity of the spotted stalk borer, chilo partellus swinhoe lepidoptera. Pdf occurrence of chilo partellus on maize in major maize. Crambidae following acclimation beginning at larval, pupal and. Economic impact of maize stem borer chilo partellus attack on livelihood of maize farmers in pakistan.
Pdf factors responsible for estivation in spotted stem. Factors responsible for estivation in spotted stem borer, chilo partellus swinhoe article pdf available may 2019. Genetic regulation of diapause and associated traits in chilo. Pyralidae, commonly known as spotted stem borer ssb, is an invasive and polyphagous pest that hampers maize production worldwide 1,2. Native and exotic lepidopteran stemborers significantly limit sugarcane production. Screening for development of resistance by the spotted stem. Comparative injuriousness of busseola fusca lepidoptera.
It can be inferred from the obtained data that padan was the most efficient in reducing the number of larvae chilo partellus swinhoe crambidae. Chilo partellus lays eggs in a herringbone pattern usually on the upper surface of the leaf along the midrib fig. Management of stem borer chilo partellus swinhoe in maize. Management of spotted stem borer, chilo partellus swinhoe. Efficacy of selected granular insecticides for the control of. Pdf varietal screening of indigenous maize against chilo.
Yield losses due to stem borers are attributed to their progressive feeding at larvae stage, which had a tunnelling effect in. Sugarcane is one of the most valuable crops in the world. The potential global distribution of chilo partellus, including. Gravid females laid a significantly higher percentage of eggs on substrates smeared with extract of basilocal leaves hebl 69% than on those smeared with. Biocontrol potential of beauveria bassiana balsamo vuillemin and bacillus thuringiensis berliner was investigated under laboratory conditions against maize stem borer chilo partellus swinhoe lepidoptera. The spotted stem borer is native to asia and is a pest of sugarcane, maize, and sorghum. However, the identity and genetic diversity of stemborers infesting sugarcane in malawi is unknown. The stem borer chilo partellus swinhoe is one of the most destructive pests of maize crop. A egg, b larva, c pupa, d adult female, and e adult male.
Top of page chilo partellus was first described by swinhoe in 1885 and is. Babasaheb ambedkar marathawada university aurangabad. Muhammad nabeel, 1, humayun javed 1 and t ariq mukhtar 2. The user is free to download, print, store and share this work. Pdf chemical control of chilo partellus on maize crop in. Pyralidae in maize and sorghum on the kenya coast volume 84 issue 3 w. Host plant selection behaviour of chilo partellus and its. International journal of agricultural technology, 96. Spotted stemborer, chilo partellus, developmental stages. Cotesia flavipes cameron was the dominant natural enemy of chilo partellus swinhoe in maize fields of bihar agro climatic condition and its maximum parasitization was 57 per cent. Pyralidae at peshawar and swat valleys of khyber pakhtunkhwa, pakistan manzoor ahmad mashwani farman ullah, shahid sattar, sajjad ahmad and muhammad anwar khan department of plant protection, agricultural university, peshawar pakistan. New sources of resistance to spotted stem borer, chilo. Lifestage related responses to combined effects of. Pdf genetic regulation of diapause and associated traits.
The isroset is dedicated to improvement in academic sectors of science chemistry, biochemistry, zoology, botany, biotechnology, pharmaceutical science, bioscience, bioinformatics, biometrics, biostatistics, microbiology, environmental management, medical science. Sorghum bicolor, chilo partellus, resistance, tolerance. Quality of field collected and laboratory reared chilo partellus swinhoe. Dhillon, m k and hasan, f and tanwar, a k and jaba, j and singh, n and sharma, h c 2020 genetic regulation of diapause and associated traits in chilo partellus swinhoe. Ovipositional responses of chilo partellus swinhoe. The main objectives for this study were to identify and determine genetic diversity in stemborers infesting sugarcane in malawi. Identification and validation of potential reference gene for. Chilo partellus swinhoe is the most important destructive pest of sorghum in africa which results in complete crop loss. This article is published with open access at abstract stem borers, busseola fusca and chilo. Breeding for resistance to chilo partellus swinhoe in sorghum. Abstract maize stem borer chilo partellus swinhoe lepidoptera. Pyralidae, commonly known as spotted stem borer ssb, is an invasive and polyphagous pest that hampers maize. One isolate of beauveria bassiana bb01 and four isolates of metarhizium anisopliae pprc4, pprc19, pprc61 and ee01 were sprayed onto the leaf whorl at 2. The crambid chilo partellus is an exotic stemborer species accidentally introduced in east africa sometime before the 1930s harris, 1990.
Efficacy of selected biopesticides and botanical extracts in. Journal of agricultural biotechnology and sustainable. Abstract the lepidopteran chilo partellus crambid, an introduced pest in east and southern africa from asia, is the most economically important stem borer species infesting cereals in africa. Damage caused by chilo partellus swinhoe lepidoptera. Distribution maps of major crop pests and diseases in africa map no. Distribution and sampling of chilo partellus lepidoptera. Among a very large number of typical mechanoreceptor hairs on the tip of the ovipositor valves, two pairs of. In addition, invasive species, such as the fall armyworm faw, spodoptera frugiperda je smith lepidoptera. Crambidae, may displace indigenous stemborers on maize in africa. Pyralidae at peshawar and swat valleys of khyber pakhtunkhwa, pakistan manzoor ahmad mashwani farman ullah, shahid sattar, sajjad ahmad and muhammad anwar khan department of plant protection, agricultural university, peshawar. Abstract a new distribution map is provided for chilo partellus swinhoe. Grain sorghum cultivars differed significantly in yield response to natural chilo partellus infestations over a period two seasons.
Ecology and population biology comparative studies on the. Stem borers affect maize yields by reducing the photosynthetic area of the leaves. Notes on taxonomy and nomenclature top of page chilo partellus was first described by swinhoe in 1885 and is one of many species of chilo that develop on cereal crops and wild grasses, mostly in the tropics. Among a very large number of typical mechanoreceptor hairs on the tip of the ovipositor valves, two pairs of stouter, blunt. Since the appearance of the stem borer chilo partellus swinhoe on the african continent in 1932, it has continuously expanded its distribution in the warm, lowaltitude regions of eastern and southern africa. However, two of these have been documented as being of greater economic importance. Three models of the potential distribution of this insect have been published, each with significant. It infests the crop at all stages and results with a yield loss from 26. Chilo partellus causes more than 40% yield loss in sorghum in east africa.
Pyralidae, in relation to weight of females and time of oviposition. Eggs of maliarpha separatella are usually protected in leaf folds around each egg mass. Chilo partellus, quality insects, insect rearing, maize genotypes. Efficacy of beauveria bassiana and bacillus thuringiensis. Competitive displacement of busseola fusca lepidoptera. Male and female chilo partellus swinhoe were paired on days 07 after eclosion to determine the effect of aging on mating ability, and the effects of delayed mating on longevity, preoviposition and oviposition periods, fecundity, and egg fertility. Bleszynski 1970 published a thorough revision of all known species of chilo on a world basis and clarified many taxonomic confusions. When the moths were of equal age, 58% mated on the night of eclosion, 8085% 12 d after. Levels of resistance to spotted stem borer, chilo partellus, in the germplasm are low to moderate and therefore we evaluated 25 sorghum genotypes for resistance to stem borer to identify lines with diverse mechanisms of resistance to this insect. Effect of pesticides against chilo partellus swinhoe damaging stem of maize vishal singh raghuvanshi1 and k s rana2 research paper the maize stem borer chilo partellus swinhoe is one of the most destructive pests. Biorational, chilo partellus, chlorantriniliprole, maize borer, trichogramma. It is found in india, pakistan, ethiopia, lesotho, madagascar, malawi, south africa, sudan, tanzania, uganda and on mayotte.
Pdf chilo partellus is one of the most devastating species of maize. Ovipositional responses of chilo partellus swinhoe lepidoptera. Prospects for cultural control of the stalk borers, chilo partellus swinhoe and busseola fusca fuller, in. The potential global distribution of chilo partellus.
Evaluation of beauveria bassiana and metarhizium anisopliae. Ecology and population biology comparative studies. Research experimentations were carried out on maize to control stem borer using conventional pesticides under field condition during summer season of two consecutive years from 2015 to 2016 at rampur, chitwan. Host plant ranking by moths and larvae of chilo partellus swinhoe lepidoptera.
Stem borer chilo partellus is the most destructive pest of maize causing considerable yield losses especially during yala season. Pdf occurrence of chilo partellus on maize in major. Response to s1 recurrent selection for resistance to two stem. Survival of chilo partellus larvae on maize varieties at different times following egg hatch. Cotes 1889 as the sorghum borer and it was exceedingly abundant in the central provinces indian museum notes, 1900. Pyralidae to hexane extracts of leaves of two maize zea mays l.
Oviposition behaviour and the sensilla of the ovipositor of. Combining ability of maize inbred lines resistant to chilo. Pdf behaviour and biology of chilo partellus on maize landraces. Chilo partellus swinhoe in maize crop and its irfan ullah khan, muhammad nawaz, fazal said, kamran sohail, subhanullah abstract two years studies on integrated pest management of maize stem borer, chilo parttellus in maize and its impact on yield were conducted during the crop seasons 2008 and 2009 at the cereal crops research. Key words chilo partellus, chilo orichalcociliellus, competitive displacement, adult fecundity, egg survival, larval development chilo partellus swinhoe, an asian species that in. A number of sorghum genotypes showing varying levels of resistance to spotted stem borer, chilo partellus swinhoe. Against this background, we used a fullfactorial design to test the combined acclimation effects of rh 45%, 65% and 85% and temperature 23, 28 and 33 c on various indices of thermal sensitivity of laboratory reared spotted stemborer, chilo partellus swinhoe lepidoptera. It also causes solemn damage on different parts of the plant.
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